{"id":9503,"date":"2021-11-04T15:32:31","date_gmt":"2021-11-04T08:32:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/binus.ac.id\/malang\/?p=9503"},"modified":"2021-11-04T15:33:12","modified_gmt":"2021-11-04T08:33:12","slug":"9503","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/binus.ac.id\/malang\/2021\/11\/9503\/","title":{"rendered":"Pengertian Data Longitudinal"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Penelitian tentang data longitudinal memiliki peran penting dalam bidang kedokteran, <em>epidemiology<\/em>, dan ilmu sosial. GLMs menyatukan pendekatan regresi untuk berbagai macam data longitudinal diskrit dan kontinu. Respon (<em>outcomes<\/em>) pada data longitudinal biasanya berkorelasi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan GLMs yang memperhitungkan adanya korelasi tersebut. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan mengikutsertakan <em>random effects<\/em> pada prediktor linier, yang biasa disebut dengan <em>Generalized Linear Mixed Models<\/em> (GLMMs) atau disebut juga dengan <em>Random Effects Models<\/em>. Metode estimasi parameter yang biasa digunakan adalah <em>Maximum Likelihood Estimation<\/em> (MLE). Apabila hasil yang diperoleh tidak <em>closed form<\/em>, maka diperlukan iterasi numerik untuk memperoleh nilai estimasi parameternya.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Telah kita ketahui bahwa data longitudinal merupakan salah satu bentuk data berkorelasi. Pada data longitudinal, variabel respon diukur pada beberapa titik waktu untuk setiap sampel. Dalam studi longitudinal dimungkinkan untuk mempelajari perubahan respon antar waktu beserta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan tersebut, baik pada level populasi maupun level individu. Data longitudinal dicirikan oleh fakta bahwa pengamatan berulang dalam sampel yang sama cenderung berkorelasi (Zeger, <em>et al<\/em>., 1988), sehingga model-model untuk analisis data longitudinal harus mengenali hubungan antar pengamatan berkala dalam sampel yang sama (Laird and Ware, 1982). Korelasi antar pengamatan berulang dapat dimodelkan secara eksplisit (melalui pola matrisk kovarian), maupun secara implisit (melalui pengaruh acak). Pada struktur data longitudinal, terdiri dari beberapa kovariat untuk setiap sampel. Misal \u00a0adalah vektor <em>m<sub>i<\/sub><\/em> x 1 yang menunjukkan hasil pengamatan berurutan dari variabel hasil <em>Y<sub>it<\/sub> <\/em>pada waktu <em>t<\/em> = 1,2, &#8230;, <em>m<\/em><em><sub>\ud835\udc56<\/sub><\/em>, <em>i<\/em> = 1,2, &#8230;., <em>n<\/em>. Diketahui bahwa adalah vektor 1x <em>p<\/em> dari <em>p<\/em> kovariat yang diamati pada waktu <em>t<\/em>, dan <em>X<sub>i <\/sub><\/em>adalah matriks <em>m<sub>i<\/sub> <\/em>x <em>p<\/em> dari kovariat yang sesuai dengan sampel ke-<em>i<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Penelitian tentang data longitudinal memiliki peran penting dalam bidang kedokteran, epidemiology, dan ilmu sosial. GLMs menyatukan pendekatan regresi untuk berbagai macam data longitudinal diskrit dan kontinu. Respon (outcomes) pada data longitudinal biasanya berkorelasi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan GLMs yang memperhitungkan adanya korelasi tersebut. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan mengikutsertakan random effects pada prediktor linier, yang [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[128],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9503","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-computer-science"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pengertian Data Longitudinal | BINUS UNIVERSITY MALANG | Pilihan Universitas Terbaik di Malang<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"BINUS University Malang Merupakan Universitas Terbaik di Malang dengan Program Computer Science, Entrepreneurship Bussiness Creation, Computer Science, Interior Design, Communication, Public Relations, Visual Communication Design.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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